/* === GLOBAL STYLES - USE ON ALL PAGES === */
        :root {
            --primary-color: #CC0000;
            --secondary-color: #E53935;
            --accent-color: #B71C1C;
            --text-color: #333;
            --light-bg: #f9f1f1;
            --border-color: #e0e0e0;
            --shadow-light: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
            --shadow-medium: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
            --transition-fast: 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
            --transition-smooth: 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
        }
        
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        
        body {
            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
            color: var(--text-color);
            line-height: 1.6;
            font-size: 16px;
            -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
            -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
        }
        
        /* === GLOBAL IMAGE RESPONSIVENESS === */
        img {
            max-width: 100%;
            height: auto;
            display: block;
        }
        
        a {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color var(--transition-fast);
            -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.2);
        }
        
        a:hover, a:focus {
            text-decoration: underline;
            outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }
        
        .container {
            max-width: 1200px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            padding: 0 20px;
        }
        
        /* === HEADER STYLES === */
        header {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: white;
            padding: 20px 0;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            position: relative;
            z-index: 100;
        }
        
        .logo-container {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 20px;
        }
        
        .logo-container h1 {
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            margin: 0;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .logo-container p {
            font-size: 1rem;
            opacity: 0.9;
            margin: 5px 0 0 0;
            font-weight: 400;
        }
        
        .site-logo {
            height: 70px;
            width: auto;
            transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
        }
        
        .site-logo:hover {
            transform: scale(1.05);
        }
        
        .site-title {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
        }
        
        /* === NAVIGATION STYLES === */
        nav {
            background-color: var(--secondary-color);
            position: sticky;
            top: 0;
            z-index: 1000;
            transition: box-shadow var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        nav.scrolled {
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .nav-container {
            position: relative;
        }
        
        .nav-links {
            display: flex;
            list-style: none;
            margin: 0;
        }
        
        .nav-links li a {
            display: block;
            color: white;
            padding: 16px 20px;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            font-size: 16px;
            font-weight: 500;
            min-height: 48px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            position: relative;
        }
        
        .nav-links li a::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 50%;
            width: 0;
            height: 3px;
            background-color: white;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            transform: translateX(-50%);
        }
        
        .nav-links li a:hover,
        .nav-links li a:focus {
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            outline: none;
        }
        
        .nav-links li a:hover::after,
        .nav-links li a:focus::after {
            width: 80%;
        }
        
        /* Current page indicator */
        .nav-links li a.current {
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
        }
        
        .nav-links li a.current::after {
            width: 80%;
        }
        
        /* Mobile Menu */
        .menu-toggle {
            display: none;
            background-color: transparent;
            border: none;
            color: white;
            font-size: 1.5rem;
            cursor: pointer;
            padding: 12px;
            min-height: 48px;
            min-width: 48px;
            border-radius: 4px;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            position: relative;
        }
        
        .menu-toggle:hover,
        .menu-toggle:focus {
            background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
            outline: 2px solid white;
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }
        
        .menu-toggle span {
            display: block;
            width: 25px;
            height: 3px;
            background-color: white;
            margin: 5px 0;
            transition: var(--transition-smooth);
            transform-origin: center;
        }
        
        .menu-toggle.active span:nth-child(1) {
            transform: rotate(45deg) translate(6px, 6px);
        }
        
        .menu-toggle.active span:nth-child(2) {
            opacity: 0;
        }
        
        .menu-toggle.active span:nth-child(3) {
            transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(6px, -6px);
        }
        
        /* === HERO SECTION === */
        .hero {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.05) 0%, rgba(229, 57, 53, 0.03) 100%);
            padding: 60px 0;
            text-align: center;
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .hero::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
            right: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            background: url('data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100"><defs><pattern id="grain" width="100" height="100" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><circle cx="50" cy="50" r="1" fill="%23CC0000" opacity="0.02"/></pattern></defs><rect width="100" height="100" fill="url(%23grain)"/></svg>');
            pointer-events: none;
        }
        
        .hero h2 {
            font-size: 2.2rem;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: 700;
            position: relative;
            z-index: 1;
        }
        
        .hero p {
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            max-width: 800px;
            margin: 0 auto 30px;
            position: relative;
            z-index: 1;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        
        /* === MAIN CONTENT STYLES === */
        main {
            padding: 50px 0;
            min-height: 60vh;
        }
        
        .section-title {
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 15px;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .section-title::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 0;
            width: 60px;
            height: 4px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-color), var(--secondary-color));
            border-radius: 2px;
        }
        
        /* === LAB OVERVIEW STYLES === */
        .lab-overview {
            margin-bottom: 50px;
        }
        
        .overview-content {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
            gap: 40px;
            margin-bottom: 50px;
            align-items: start;
        }
        
        .lab-description {
            grid-column: 1;
            grid-row: 1;
        }
        
        .lab-description p {
            margin-bottom: 24px;
            text-align: justify;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        
        .lab-image {
            grid-column: 2;
            grid-row: 1;
        }
        
        .lab-image img {
            width: 100%;
            border-radius: 12px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: transform var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        .lab-image img:hover {
            transform: scale(1.02);
        }
        
        .lab-image p {
            text-align: center;
            margin-top: 12px;
            font-style: italic;
            color: #666;
        }
        
        .research-overview h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 24px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .research-overview div {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        
        .research-overview img {
            max-width: 100%;
            width: auto;
            max-height: 600px;
            border-radius: 12px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: transform var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        .research-overview img:hover {
            transform: scale(1.02);
        }
        
        .research-overview p {
            text-align: justify;
            font-style: italic;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            line-height: 1.7;
            color: #666;
        }
        
        /* === GROUP PAGE STYLES === */
        .member-category {
            margin-bottom: 60px;
        }
        
        .member {
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            padding: 30px;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 12px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color);
        }
        
        .member:hover {
            transform: translateY(-4px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .member-header {
            display: flex;
            align-items: flex-start;
            gap: 25px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .member-photo {
            width: 180px;
            height: 280px;
            object-fit: cover;
            border-radius: 12px;
            border: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
            flex-shrink: 0;
            transition: transform var(--transition-smooth);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
        }
        
        .member-photo:hover {
            transform: scale(1.05);
        }
        
        .member-info {
            flex: 1;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            justify-content: center;
        }
        
        .member-name {
            font-size: 1.5rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .member-title {
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            color: var(--secondary-color);
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .member-bio {
            font-size: 1rem;
            line-height: 1.7;
            color: #555;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .funding-info {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 15px;
            padding: 15px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            margin-top: 15px;
        }
        
        .funding-label {
            font-style: italic;
            color: #666;
            font-weight: 500;
        }
        
        .funding-logo {
            height: 50px;
            width: auto;
            filter: grayscale(20%);
            transition: filter var(--transition-fast);
        }
        
        .funding-logo:hover {
            filter: grayscale(0%);
        }
        
        /* Past students styling */
        .past-student {
            padding: 20px;
            background: #fafafa;
            border-radius: 8px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            border-left: 3px solid var(--secondary-color);
        }
        
        .graduation-year {
            font-weight: normal;
            font-style: italic;
            color: #666;
        }
        
        .page-header {
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            padding: 60px 0;
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
        }
        
        .page-header h1 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 2.2rem;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .page-header h1::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 0;
            width: 80px;
            height: 4px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-color), var(--secondary-color));
            border-radius: 2px;
        }
        
        .page-header p {
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            color: #666;
            max-width: 800px;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        
        /* === PROJECT CARD STYLES === */
        .projects-grid {
            display: grid;
            gap: 60px;
            margin-top: 40px;
        }
        
        .project-card {
            background: white;
            border-radius: 16px;
            overflow: hidden;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
            position: relative;
        }
        
        .project-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-8px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .project-content {
            padding: 40px;
        }
        
        .project-card h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            font-weight: 700;
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .project-card h3::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 0;
            width: 60px;
            height: 3px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-color), var(--secondary-color));
            border-radius: 2px;
        }
        
        .project-card p {
            font-size: 1.05rem;
            line-height: 1.7;
            color: #555;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        
        .project-image {
            width: 100%;
            max-height: 400px;
            object-fit: contain;
            transition: transform var(--transition-smooth);
            border-radius: 12px;
            margin-top: 20px;
            background-color: #f9f9f9;
        }
        
        .project-card:hover .project-image {
            transform: scale(1.02);
        }
        
        /* Project Number Badge */
        .project-number {
            display: none;
        }
        
        /* === PUBLICATIONS SPECIFIC STYLES === */
        .publications-container {
            margin-bottom: 60px;
        }
        
        .year-section {
            margin-bottom: 40px;
        }
        
        .year-title {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-size: 1.6rem;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            padding-bottom: 10px;
            border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
        }
        
        .publication-item {
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            padding-bottom: 30px;
            border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px;
            gap: 30px;
        }
        
        .publication-details {
            text-align: justify;
        }
        
        .publication-title {
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            color: var(--text-color);
        }
        
        .publication-authors {
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-style: italic;
        }
        
        .author-highlight {
            font-weight: bold;
            color: #222;
        }
        
        .publication-journal {
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        
        .publication-doi {
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        
        .publication-doi a {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 5px;
            padding: 5px 0;
            min-height: 44px;
        }
        
        .publication-abstract {
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .abstract-image {
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 300px;
            height: auto;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        
        .placeholder-abstract {
            width: 100%;
            height: 200px;
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            border: 2px dashed #ccc;
            border-radius: 8px;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            color: #888;
            font-style: italic;
        }
        
        .google-scholar {
            margin-top: 40px;
            padding: 20px;
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            border-radius: 8px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .google-scholar a {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            font-weight: 600;
            padding: 10px;
            min-height: 44px;
        }
        
        /* === TOOLS SPECIFIC STYLES === */
        .tools-section {
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        .tool-card {
            background-color: white;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            overflow: hidden;
            transition: transform var(--transition-fast), box-shadow var(--transition-fast);
        }
        
        .tool-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .tool-content {
            padding: 30px;
        }
        
        .tool-title {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .tool-description {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            font-size: 1rem;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        
        .tool-features {
            margin-bottom: 25px;
        }
        
        .tool-features h4 {
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            color: var(--accent-color);
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .feature-list {
            list-style-position: inside;
            margin-left: 10px;
        }
        
        .feature-list li {
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            padding-left: 8px;
        }
        
        .tool-images {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
            gap: 20px;
            margin: 25px 0;
            max-width: 800px;
            margin-left: 0;
            margin-right: auto;
            text-align: left;
        }
        
        .tool-image {
            border-radius: 4px;
            overflow: hidden;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            text-align: left;
            margin-left: 0;
            display: inline-block;
            transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
        }
        
        .tool-image:hover {
            transform: scale(1.02);
        }
        
        .tool-image img {
            max-width: 600px;
            height: auto;
            display: inline-block;
            border: 1px solid #eee;
        }
        
        .tool-image figcaption {
            padding: 10px;
            text-align: center;
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            font-size: 0.9rem;
        }
        
        .tool-actions {
            margin-top: 25px;
        }
        
        .github-link {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: white;
            padding: 12px 25px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            text-decoration: none;
        }
        
        .github-link:hover,
        .github-link:focus {
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }
        
        .github-link svg {
            margin-right: 8px;
        }
        
        /* Coming Soon */
        .coming-soon {
            padding: 40px 0;
            text-align: center;
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            border-radius: 8px;
            margin-bottom: 60px;
            border: 2px dashed #ddd;
        }
        
        .coming-soon h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        /* === TEACHING-SPECIFIC STYLES === */
        .teaching-content {
            max-width: 900px;
        }
        
        .module-category {
            margin-bottom: 50px;
        }
        
        .module-category h3 {
            font-size: 1.6rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 12px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .module-category h3::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 0;
            width: 50px;
            height: 3px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-color), var(--secondary-color));
            border-radius: 2px;
        }
        
        .module-item {
            background-color: white;
            border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 30px;
            margin-bottom: 25px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        .module-item:hover {
            transform: translateY(-3px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .module-item h4 {
            font-size: 1.3rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            font-weight: 600;
            line-height: 1.4;
        }
        
        .module-coordinator {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: white;
            padding: 8px 16px;
            border-radius: 20px;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            display: inline-block;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            text-transform: uppercase;
            letter-spacing: 0.5px;
        }
        
        .module-info {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
        }
        
        .module-info strong {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .module-sections {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .module-sections h5 {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-size: 1rem;
        }
        
        .module-sections ul {
            margin-left: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 0;
        }
        
        .module-sections li {
            margin-bottom: 5px;
            color: var(--text-color);
        }
        
        .module-item p {
            color: #555;
            line-height: 1.7;
            text-align: justify;
        }
        
        /* === UNDER CONSTRUCTION PAGE STYLES === */
        .under-construction {
            text-align: center;
            padding: 80px 20px;
            max-width: 700px;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        
        .construction-icon {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            animation: float 3s ease-in-out infinite;
        }
        
        @keyframes float {
            0%, 100% {
                transform: translateY(0px);
            }
            50% {
                transform: translateY(-10px);
            }
        }
        
        .under-construction h2 {
            font-size: 2.2rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 25px;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .under-construction p {
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            line-height: 1.7;
            color: #555;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .construction-actions {
            margin-top: 40px;
        }
        
        .home-link {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: white;
            padding: 14px 30px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-weight: 600;
            font-size: 1rem;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            text-decoration: none;
        }
        
        .home-link:hover,
        .home-link:focus {
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }
        
        .home-link svg {
            flex-shrink: 0;
        }
        
        /* === INTERACTIVE TOOL STYLES === */
        /* Applied Potential Interactive Tool */
        .tool-wrapper {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #CC0000 0%, #B71C1C 100%);
            padding: 40px 20px;
            min-height: 100vh;
            width: 100%;
            margin: -50px 0 0 0;  /* Cancel out main's top padding */
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        
        .tool-container {
            max-width: 1200px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 20px;
            padding: 30px;
            box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
            width: 100%;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        
        .tool-container h1 {
            text-align: center;
            color: #2d3748;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-size: 2.5em;
        }
        
        .tool-subtitle {
            text-align: center;
            color: #4a5568;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            font-size: 1.1em;
        }
        
        .controls {
            background: #f7fafc;
            padding: 25px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
        }
        
        .control-group {
            margin-bottom: 25px;
        }
        
        .control-group:last-child {
            margin-bottom: 0;
        }
        
        .control-group label {
            display: block;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: #2d3748;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-size: 1.1em;
        }
        
        .slider-container {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 15px;
        }
        
        .tool-container input[type="range"] {
            flex: 1;
            height: 8px;
            border-radius: 5px;
            background: #cbd5e0;
            outline: none;
            -webkit-appearance: none;
        }
        
        .tool-container input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {
            -webkit-appearance: none;
            appearance: none;
            width: 25px;
            height: 25px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            background: #CC0000;
            cursor: pointer;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }
        
        .tool-container input[type="range"]::-moz-range-thumb {
            width: 25px;
            height: 25px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            background: #CC0000;
            cursor: pointer;
            border: none;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }
        
        .value-display {
            min-width: 120px;
            text-align: center;
            font-weight: bold;
            font-size: 1.2em;
            color: #CC0000;
            background: white;
            padding: 8px 15px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            border: 2px solid #CC0000;
        }
        
        .visualization {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
            gap: 30px;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 100%;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        
        .energy-diagram {
            background: #f7fafc;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
            min-width: 0;
            max-width: 100%;
            overflow: hidden;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            display: block;
            grid-column: 1;
            grid-row: 1;
        }
        
        .reaction-info {
            background: #f7fafc;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
            min-width: 0;
            max-width: 100%;
            overflow: hidden;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            display: block;
            grid-column: 2;
            grid-row: 1;
        }
        
        .energy-diagram h3, .reaction-info h3 {
            color: #2d3748;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 1.3em;
        }
        
        .tool-container canvas {
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 100%;
            height: 400px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            background: white;
            display: block;
        }
        
        .info-box {
            background: white;
            padding: 15px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            border-left: 4px solid #CC0000;
            word-wrap: break-word;
            overflow-wrap: break-word;
        }
        
        .info-box h4 {
            color: #2d3748;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-size: 1.1em;
            word-wrap: break-word;
        }
        
        .info-box p {
            color: #4a5568;
            line-height: 1.6;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
            word-wrap: break-word;
        }
        
        .reaction-equation {
            background: #edf2f7;
            padding: 15px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 1.3em;
            font-weight: bold;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .info-box.oxidation {
            border-left-color: #e53e3e;
        }
        
        .reaction-equation.oxidation {
            color: #e53e3e;
        }
        
        .info-box.reduction {
            border-left-color: #3182ce;
        }
        
        .reaction-equation.reduction {
            color: #3182ce;
        }
        
        .info-box.equilibrium {
            border-left-color: #38a169;
        }
        
        .reaction-equation.equilibrium {
            color: #38a169;
        }
        
        .current-indicator {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            padding: 15px;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 10px;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .current-bar {
            flex: 1;
            height: 30px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            background: #e2e8f0;
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .current-fill {
            height: 100%;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            border-radius: 15px;
        }
        
        .anodic-fill {
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fc8181, #e53e3e);
        }
        
        .cathodic-fill {
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, #3182ce, #63b3ed);
        }
        
        .preset-buttons {
            display: flex;
            gap: 15px;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .preset-btn {
            flex: 1;
            min-width: 150px;
            padding: 12px 20px;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 10px;
            font-size: 1em;
            font-weight: 600;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: all 0.3s;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }
        
        .preset-btn:hover {
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }
        
        .btn-equilibrium {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #48bb78, #38a169);
            color: white;
        }
        
        .btn-oxidation {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E53935, #CC0000);
            color: white;
        }
        
        .btn-reduction {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #63b3ed, #3182ce);
            color: white;
        }
        
        .explanation-box {
            background: #fffaf0;
            border: 2px solid #E53935;
            border-radius: 15px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin-top: 30px;
        }
        
        .explanation-box h3 {
            color: #B71C1C;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            font-size: 1.4em;
        }
        
        .explanation-box p {
            color: #744210;
            line-height: 1.8;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        
        .key-point {
            background: white;
            padding: 10px 15px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            margin: 10px 0;
            border-left: 4px solid #E53935;
        }
        
        /* === ACADEMIC CITIZENSHIP PAGE STYLES === */
        .content-section {
            margin-bottom: 50px;
        }
        
        .content-section h3 {
            font-size: 1.4rem;
            color: var(--accent-color);
            margin: 30px 0 15px 0;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .content-section p {
            font-size: 1.05rem;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            line-height: 1.7;
            text-align: justify;
        }
        
        .content-section ul {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            padding-left: 30px;
        }
        
        .content-section li {
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-size: 1.05rem;
            line-height: 1.6;
        }
        
        /* Highlight boxes */
        .highlight-box {
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            padding: 25px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            margin: 25px 0;
            border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
        }
        
        .highlight-box h4 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .highlight-box p {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .highlight-box:last-child {
            margin-bottom: 0;
        }
        
        /* Overview section */
        .overview-section {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--light-bg), #fff);
            padding: 30px;
            border-radius: 12px;
            border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
        }
        
        .overview-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
            gap: 20px;
            margin-top: 25px;
        }
        
        .overview-card {
            background: white;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
        }
        
        .overview-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-3px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .overview-card h4 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .overview-card p {
            margin: 0;
            font-size: 1rem;
            text-align: left;
        }
        
        /* Network link */
        .network-link {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
            color: white;
            padding: 25px;
            border-radius: 12px;
            text-align: center;
            margin: 30px 0;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
        }
        
        .network-link h4 {
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-size: 1.3rem;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .network-link p {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            opacity: 0.9;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .network-link a {
            display: inline-block;
            background-color: white;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            padding: 12px 25px;
            border-radius: 25px;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            text-decoration: none;
        }
        
        .network-link a:hover,
        .network-link a:focus {
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            text-decoration: none;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            outline: 2px solid white;
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }
        
        /* Image styling */
        .content-image {
            max-width: 100%;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            margin: 20px auto;
            display: block;
        }
        
        .content-image-caption {
            font-style: italic;
            margin-top: 10px;
            color: #666;
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
        }
        
        .image-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
            gap: 20px;
            margin: 30px 0;
        }
        
        /* === BUTTON STYLES === */
        .btn {
            display: inline-block;
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            color: white;
            padding: 14px 28px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            min-width: 48px;
            min-height: 48px;
            text-align: center;
            margin: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            border: none;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 16px;
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .btn:hover,
        .btn:focus {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }
        
        /* === SOCIAL MEDIA STYLES === */
        .social-links {
            display: flex;
            gap: 16px;
            justify-content: center;
            margin: 30px 0;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
        }
        
        .social-link {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            width: 48px;
            height: 48px;
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            color: white;
            border-radius: 50%;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            text-decoration: none;
            font-size: 20px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .social-link:hover,
        .social-link:focus {
            transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.1);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            text-decoration: none;
            outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
            outline-offset: 4px;
        }
        
        .social-link.twitter { background-color: #1da1f2; }
        .social-link.researchgate { background-color: #00d0b5; }
        .social-link.orcid { background-color: #a6ce39; }
        .social-link.google-scholar { background-color: #4285f4; }
        
        /* === FOOTER STYLES === */
        footer {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: white;
            padding: 50px 0 25px;
            margin-top: 80px;
        }
        
        .footer-content {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
            gap: 40px;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        
        .footer-section h3 {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 12px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .footer-section h3::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 0;
            width: 40px;
            height: 3px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--secondary-color), white);
            border-radius: 2px;
        }
        
        .footer-links {
            list-style: none;
        }
        
        .footer-links li {
            margin-bottom: 12px;
        }
        
        .footer-links a {
            color: #ddd;
            padding: 8px 0;
            display: inline-block;
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            font-weight: 400;
        }
        
        .footer-links a:hover,
        .footer-links a:focus {
            color: white;
            transform: translateX(8px);
        }
        
        /* === FOOTER EMAIL STYLING === */
        .footer-section p {
            color: white;
            font-weight: 500;
        }
        
        .footer-social {
            margin-top: 20px;
        }
        
        .footer-social .social-links {
            justify-content: flex-start;
            gap: 12px;
            margin-top: 16px;
        }
        
        .footer-social .social-link {
            width: 40px;
            height: 40px;
            font-size: 18px;
            background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
            border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
        }
        
        .footer-social .social-link:hover {
            background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
            border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
            transform: translateY(-2px);
        }
        
        .footer-bottom {
            text-align: center;
            padding-top: 25px;
            border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
            font-size: 0.9rem;
        }
        
        /* === MOBILE RESPONSIVENESS === */
        
        /* Tablet and smaller laptops (768px - 992px) */
        @media (max-width: 992px) {
            .overview-content {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
                gap: 30px;
            }
            
            .publication-item {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr 250px;
                gap: 20px;
            }
            
            .lab-image {
                max-width: 500px;
                margin: 0 auto;
            }
            
            .research-overview img {
                max-height: 500px;
            }
            
            .container {
                padding: 0 16px;
            }
            
            .page-header {
                padding: 40px 0;
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .page-header h1 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
            }
            
            .page-header h1::after {
                left: 50%;
                transform: translateX(-50%);
            }
            
            .content-image {
                max-width: 600px;
            }
            
            .image-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
        }
        
        /* Publications single-column layout */
        @media (max-width: 900px) {
            .publication-item {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .publication-abstract {
                max-width: 300px;
                margin: 20px auto 0;
            }
            
            .visualization {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
        }
        
        /* Mobile devices */
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .menu-toggle {
                display: flex;
                flex-direction: column;
                justify-content: center;
                align-items: center;
                float: right;
            }
            
            .nav-container {
                display: flex;
                justify-content: space-between;
                align-items: center;
            }
            
            .nav-links {
                flex-direction: column;
                position: absolute;
                width: 100%;
                top: 100%;
                left: 0;
                background-color: var(--secondary-color);
                transform: translateY(-100%);
                opacity: 0;
                visibility: hidden;
                transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
                z-index: 1000;
                box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            }
            
            .nav-links.active {
                transform: translateY(0);
                opacity: 1;
                visibility: visible;
            }
            
            .nav-links li a {
                padding: 18px 24px;
                min-height: 56px;
                border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
                font-size: 17px;
            }
            
            .nav-links li:last-child a {
                border-bottom: none;
            }
            
            .nav-links li a::after {
                display: none;
            }
            
            .logo-container {
                flex-direction: column;
                text-align: center;
                gap: 15px;
            }
            
            .site-logo {
                height: 60px;
            }
            
            .site-title {
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .logo-container h1 {
                font-size: 1.6rem;
            }
            
            .hero {
                padding: 40px 0;
            }
            
            .hero h2 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
                margin-bottom: 16px;
            }
            
            .hero p {
                font-size: 1.1rem;
                padding: 0 16px;
                line-height: 1.6;
            }
            
            .section-title {
                font-size: 1.6rem;
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .section-title::after {
                left: 50%;
                transform: translateX(-50%);
            }
            
            main {
                padding: 30px 0;
            }
            
            .projects-grid {
                gap: 40px;
            }
            
            .project-content {
                padding: 30px;
            }
            
            .project-card h3 {
                font-size: 1.6rem;
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .project-card h3::after {
                left: 50%;
                transform: translateX(-50%);
            }
            
            .lab-image {
                max-width: 100%;
            }
            
            .lab-image img {
                max-width: 100%;
            }
            
            .research-overview img {
                max-height: 400px;
            }
            
            .member-header {
                flex-direction: column;
                align-items: center;
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .member-photo {
                width: 150px;
                height: 220px;
            }
            
            .funding-info {
                flex-direction: column;
                text-align: center;
                gap: 10px;
            }
            
            .footer-content {
                gap: 30px;
            }
            
            .social-links {
                gap: 12px;
                margin: 24px 0;
            }
            
            .social-link {
                width: 44px;
                height: 44px;
                font-size: 18px;
            }
            
            .footer-social .social-links {
                justify-content: center;
            }
            
            .publication-title {
                font-size: 1.1rem;
            }
            
            .year-title {
                font-size: 1.4rem;
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .publication-details {
                text-align: left;
            }
            
            .visualization {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .tool-container h1 {
                font-size: 1.8em;
            }
            
            .preset-buttons {
                flex-direction: column;
            }
            
            .preset-btn {
                min-width: 100%;
            }
        }
        
        /* Small mobile devices */
        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .container {
                padding: 0 12px;
            }
            
            .site-logo {
                height: 50px;
            }
            
            .logo-container h1 {
                font-size: 1.4rem;
            }
            
            .logo-container p {
                font-size: 0.9rem;
            }
            
            .hero h2 {
                font-size: 1.6rem;
            }
            
            .hero p {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }
            
            .section-title {
                font-size: 1.4rem;
            }
            
            .project-image {
                max-height: 300px;
            }
            
            .project-content {
                padding: 24px;
            }
            
            .project-card h3 {
                font-size: 1.4rem;
            }
            
            .research-overview img {
                max-height: 300px;
            }
            
            .member {
                padding: 20px;
            }
            
            .member-photo {
                width: 120px;
                height: 180px;
            }
            
            .page-header h1 {
                font-size: 1.6rem;
            }
            
            .content-section p {
                font-size: 1rem;
                text-align: left;
            }
            
            .content-section li {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }
            
            .overview-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .content-image {
                max-width: 100%;
            }
            
            .footer-section h3 {
                text-align: center;
                font-size: 1.1rem;
            }
            
            .footer-section h3::after {
                left: 50%;
                transform: translateX(-50%);
            }
            
            .footer-section p,
            .footer-links {
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            .footer-content {
                gap: 24px;
            }
            
            .publication-title {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }
            
            .publication-authors,
            .publication-journal {
                font-size: 0.9rem;
            }
            
            .under-construction {
                padding: 50px 16px;
            }
            
            .under-construction h2 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
            }
            
            .under-construction p {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }
            
            .construction-icon svg {
                width: 60px;
                height: 60px;
            }
        }
        
        /* === ZINC ELECTRODE MODEL TOOL STYLES === */
        .zinc-visualization-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
            gap: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .zinc-visualization-grid .left-column {
            grid-column: 1;
            grid-row: 1;
        }
        
        .zinc-visualization-grid .right-column {
            grid-column: 2;
            grid-row: 1;
        }
        
        #plotDiv {
            background-color: white;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            min-height: 600px;
        }
        
        #electrodeVisual {
            background-color: white;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            padding: 20px;
        }
        
        .zinc-controls {
            background-color: white;
            padding: 25px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .subtitle {
            font-size: 1.2em;
            color: #7f8c8d;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        
        @keyframes pulse {
            0%, 100% { opacity: 0.3; transform: scale(1); }
            50% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1.2); }
        }
        
        /* Responsive adjustments for zinc electrode tool */
        @media (max-width: 1000px) {
            .zinc-visualization-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .zinc-visualization-grid .left-column,
            .zinc-visualization-grid .right-column {
                grid-column: 1;
            }
            
            .zinc-visualization-grid .left-column {
                grid-row: 1;
            }
            
            .zinc-visualization-grid .right-column {
                grid-row: 2;
            }
        }
        
        /* === UTILITY CLASSES === */
        .fade-in {
            animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease-out;
        }
        
        /* === BUTLER-VOLMER H2 TOOL STYLES === */
        .viz-container {
            background: white;
            padding: 30px;
            border-radius: 12px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        
        #plotContainer {
            width: 100%;
            height: 500px;
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            border: 2px solid #ddd;
            border-radius: 8px;
            background-color: #fafafa;
        }
        
        .bv-controls {
            background: var(--light-bg);
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .control-group {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
        }
        
        .control-label {
            display: block;
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            color: var(--text-color);
        }
        
        .slider-container {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 15px;
        }
        
        .slider {
            flex: 1;
            height: 8px;
            -webkit-appearance: none;
            appearance: none;
            background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--accent-color), var(--secondary-color));
            border-radius: 5px;
            outline: none;
            cursor: pointer;
        }
        
        .slider::-webkit-slider-thumb {
            -webkit-appearance: none;
            width: 24px;
            height: 24px;
            background: var(--primary-color);
            border: 3px solid white;
            border-radius: 50%;
            cursor: pointer;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
        }
        
        .slider::-moz-range-thumb {
            width: 24px;
            height: 24px;
            background: var(--primary-color);
            border: 3px solid white;
            border-radius: 50%;
            cursor: pointer;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
        }
        
        .value-display {
            min-width: 100px;
            text-align: right;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-size: 1.1rem;
        }
        
        .hint-text {
            margin-top: 8px;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: #666;
            font-style: italic;
        }
        
        .schematic-box {
            background: white;
            border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .schematic-box h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        #schematicDisplay {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            min-height: 200px;
            background: #fafafa;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 15px;
        }
        
        .values-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
            gap: 15px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        
        .value-card {
            background: white;
            border: 2px solid #ddd;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 15px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .value-card-label {
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: #666;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
        }
        
        .value-card-number {
            font-size: 1.4rem;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
        }
        
        /* Responsive adjustments for Butler-Volmer tool */
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            #plotContainer {
                height: 400px;
            }
            
            .viz-container {
                padding: 20px;
            }
        }
        
        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            #plotContainer {
                height: 350px;
            }
        }
        
        @keyframes fadeInUp {
            from {
                opacity: 0;
                transform: translateY(30px);
            }
            to {
                opacity: 1;
                transform: translateY(0);
            }
        }
        
        .text-center { text-align: center; }
        .mb-30 { margin-bottom: 30px; }
        .mt-30 { margin-top: 30px; }
        
        /* Dark Mode Support */
        @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
            :root {
                --text-color: #e0e0e0;
                --light-bg: #1a1a1a;
            }
            
            body {
                background-color: #121212;
                color: var(--text-color);
            }
            
            .project-card {
                background-color: #1e1e1e;
                border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
            }
        }

        /* === GREEN HYDROGEN NI TOOL STYLES === */
        .ghni-container {
            max-width: 1200px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
            border-radius: 20px;
            box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            padding: 40px;
            backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
        }

        .ghni-container h1 {
            text-align: center;
            color: #2c3e50;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            font-size: 2.5em;
            font-weight: 700;
        }

        .ghni-calculator-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
            gap: 40px;
            margin-bottom: 40px;
        }

        .ghni-input-section {
            background: #f8f9fa;
            padding: 30px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        }

        .ghni-section-title {
            font-size: 1.4em;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: #2c3e50;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            border-bottom: 3px solid #3498db;
            padding-bottom: 10px;
        }

        .ghni-form-group {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .ghni-form-group label {
            display: block;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-weight: 500;
            color: #34495e;
            font-size: 0.95em;
        }

        .ghni-form-group input,
        .ghni-form-group select {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 12px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-size: 16px;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
        }

        .ghni-form-group input:focus,
        .ghni-form-group select:focus {
            outline: none;
            border-color: #3498db;
            box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.1);
        }

        .ghni-electrolyser-type {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
            gap: 15px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .ghni-type-option {
            padding: 15px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 10px;
            cursor: pointer;
            text-align: center;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
        }

        .ghni-type-option.active {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            background: #88d8a3;
            color: white;
        }

        .ghni-type-option:hover {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
        }

        .ghni-supply-option {
            padding: 12px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            cursor: pointer;
            text-align: center;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
            font-size: 0.9em;
        }

        .ghni-supply-option.active {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            background: #88d8a3;
            color: white;
        }

        .ghni-supply-option:hover {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            transform: translateY(-1px);
        }

        .ghni-storage-option {
            padding: 12px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            cursor: pointer;
            text-align: center;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
            font-size: 0.9em;
        }

        .ghni-storage-option.active {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            background: #88d8a3;
            color: white;
        }

        .ghni-storage-option:hover {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            transform: translateY(-1px);
        }

        .ghni-results-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
            gap: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }

        .ghni-result-card {
            background: #e3f2fd;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            text-align: center;
            border: 1px solid #bbdefb;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }

        .ghni-result-value {
            font-size: 2em;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: #2c3e50;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
        }

        .ghni-result-label {
            font-size: 0.9em;
            color: #34495e;
        }

        .ghni-breakdown {
            margin-top: 30px;
            padding: 20px;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }

        .ghni-breakdown h3 {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            color: #3498db;
        }

        .ghni-breakdown-item {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: space-between;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            padding: 8px 0;
            border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            color: black;
        }

        .ghni-breakdown-item span {
            color: black;
        }

        /* Responsive adjustments for Green Hydrogen NI tool */
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .ghni-calculator-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ghni-results-grid {
                grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
            }
            
            .ghni-container {
                padding: 20px;
            }
            
            .ghni-container h1 {
                font-size: 1.8em;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .ghni-results-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ghni-electrolyser-type {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
        }

        /* === GREEN HYDROGEN NI TOOL STYLES === */
        /* All styles scoped under .ghni-tool-wrapper to avoid conflicts */
        
        .ghni-tool-wrapper {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #a8e6cf 0%, #88d8a3 100%);
            min-height: 100vh;
            padding: 20px;
            margin: -50px -20px;
        }
        
        .ghni-tool-wrapper .container {
            max-width: 1200px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
            border-radius: 20px;
            box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            padding: 40px;
            backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper h1 {
            text-align: center;
            color: #2c3e50;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            font-size: 2.5em;
            font-weight: 700;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .calculator-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
            gap: 40px;
            margin-bottom: 40px;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .input-section {
            background: #f8f9fa;
            padding: 30px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .section-title {
            font-size: 1.4em;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: #2c3e50;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            border-bottom: 3px solid #3498db;
            padding-bottom: 10px;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .form-group {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper label {
            display: block;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-weight: 500;
            color: #34495e;
            font-size: 0.95em;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper input,
        .ghni-tool-wrapper select {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 12px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-size: 16px;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper input:focus,
        .ghni-tool-wrapper select:focus {
            outline: none;
            border-color: #3498db;
            box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.1);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .electrolyser-type {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
            gap: 15px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .type-option {
            padding: 15px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 10px;
            cursor: pointer;
            text-align: center;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .type-option.active {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            background: #88d8a3;
            color: white;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .type-option:hover {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .supply-option {
            padding: 12px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            cursor: pointer;
            text-align: center;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
            font-size: 0.9em;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .supply-option.active {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            background: #88d8a3;
            color: white;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .supply-option:hover {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            transform: translateY(-1px);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .storage-option {
            padding: 12px;
            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            cursor: pointer;
            text-align: center;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
            font-size: 0.9em;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .storage-option.active {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            background: #88d8a3;
            color: white;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .storage-option:hover {
            border-color: #88d8a3;
            transform: translateY(-1px);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .results-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
            gap: 20px;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .result-card {
            background: #e3f2fd;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            text-align: center;
            border: 1px solid #bbdefb;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .result-value {
            font-size: 2em;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: #2c3e50;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .result-label {
            font-size: 0.9em;
            color: #34495e;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .breakdown {
            margin-top: 30px;
            padding: 20px;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .breakdown h3 {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            color: #3498db;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .breakdown-item {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: space-between;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            padding: 8px 0;
            border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            color: black;
        }

        .ghni-tool-wrapper .breakdown-item span {
            color: black;
        }

        /* Responsive adjustments for Green Hydrogen NI tool */
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .ghni-tool-wrapper .calculator-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ghni-tool-wrapper .results-grid {
                grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
            }
            
            .ghni-tool-wrapper .container {
                padding: 20px;
            }
            
            .ghni-tool-wrapper h1 {
                font-size: 1.8em;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .ghni-tool-wrapper .results-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ghni-tool-wrapper .electrolyser-type {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ghni-tool-wrapper .container {
                padding: 20px;
            }
            
            .ghni-tool-wrapper {
                padding: 10px;
            }
        }

        /* === TEACHING RESOURCES & INTERACTIVE TOOLS STYLES === */
        
        /* Resource Link Buttons on Teaching Page */
        .resource-link {
            display: inline-block;
            margin-top: 1rem;
            padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--secondary-color) 100%);
            color: white;
            text-decoration: none;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.2);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

        .resource-link::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            left: 50%;
            width: 0;
            height: 0;
            border-radius: 50%;
            background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
            transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
            transition: width 0.6s, height 0.6s;
        }

        .resource-link:hover::before {
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
        }

        .resource-link:hover {
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.3);
            text-decoration: none;
        }

        /* Breadcrumb Navigation */
        .breadcrumb {
            margin-bottom: 1rem;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
        }

        .breadcrumb a {
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color var(--transition-fast);
        }

        .breadcrumb a:hover {
            color: white;
            text-decoration: underline;
        }

        /* Tools Section - Module Pages */
        .tools-section {
            padding: 2rem 0;
        }

        .intro-text {
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            color: #666;
            margin-bottom: 2rem;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }

        .tools-list {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 1.5rem;
        }

        .tool-item {
            background: white;
            border: 2px solid #f0f0f0;
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 2rem;
            text-decoration: none;
            color: inherit;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

        .tool-item::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            left: 0;
            top: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            width: 4px;
            background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--secondary-color) 100%);
            transform: scaleY(0);
            transition: transform var(--transition-smooth);
        }

        .tool-item:hover::before {
            transform: scaleY(1);
        }

        .tool-item:hover {
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
            transform: translateX(8px);
            box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.12);
        }

        .tool-item h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
            font-size: 1.4rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: color var(--transition-fast);
        }

        .tool-item:hover h3 {
            color: var(--accent-color);
        }

        .tool-item p {
            color: #666;
            margin: 0;
            line-height: 1.6;
        }

        /* Tool Page Styles */
        .tool-wrapper {
            margin: 2rem 0;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 2rem;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        }

        .tool-footer {
            margin-top: 3rem;
            padding-top: 2rem;
            border-top: 2px solid #f0f0f0;
        }

        .back-link {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            font-weight: 600;
            padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
            border-radius: 6px;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }

        .back-link:hover {
            background: var(--light-bg);
            transform: translateX(-4px);
            text-decoration: none;
        }

        /* Page Header for Tool Pages */
        .page-header {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--secondary-color) 100%);
            color: white;
            padding: 2rem 0;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
        }

        .page-header h1 {
            color: white;
            margin: 0.5rem 0;
            font-size: 2rem;
            font-weight: 700;
        }

        .page-header p {
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
            margin: 0.5rem 0 0 0;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
        }

        /* Enhanced Tool Container */
        .tool-container {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff 0%, #fafafa 100%);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 2rem;
            box-shadow: inset 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
        }

        /* Responsive Design for Tool Pages */
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .tool-item {
                padding: 1.5rem;
            }

            .tool-item h3 {
                font-size: 1.2rem;
            }

            .tool-wrapper {
                padding: 1.5rem;
            }

            .page-header h1 {
                font-size: 1.6rem;
            }

            .page-header p {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }

            .breadcrumb {
                font-size: 0.85rem;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .resource-link {
                display: block;
                text-align: center;
            }

            .tool-item {
                padding: 1rem;
            }

            .tool-wrapper {
                padding: 1rem;
            }

            .page-header {
                padding: 1.5rem 0;
            }

            .page-header h1 {
                font-size: 1.4rem;
            }
        }

        /* Animation for fade-in effect */
        @keyframes fadeInUp {
            from {
                opacity: 0;
                transform: translateY(20px);
            }
            to {
                opacity: 1;
                transform: translateY(0);
            }
        }

        .tool-item,
        .tool-wrapper {
            animation: fadeInUp 0.5s ease-out;
        }

        .tool-item:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
        .tool-item:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
        .tool-item:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.3s; }
        .tool-item:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.4s; }

        /* === INTERACTIVE VISUALIZATION TOOLS - SHARED STYLES === */
        
        /* Main visualization container */
        .viz-container {
            max-width: 1400px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            padding: 20px;
        }

        /* Accessibility Panel - Used across all interactive tools */
        .accessibility-panel {
            background: #f5f5f5;
            border: 2px solid #ddd;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 15px 20px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }
        
        .accessibility-panel h3 {
            margin: 0 0 12px 0;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            color: #333;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 8px;
        }
        
        .accessibility-options {
            display: flex;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            gap: 20px;
        }
        
        .accessibility-option {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 8px;
        }
        
        .accessibility-option input[type="checkbox"] {
            width: 20px;
            height: 20px;
            cursor: pointer;
            /* Touch-friendly minimum size */
            min-width: 44px;
            min-height: 44px;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 12px;
        }
        
        .accessibility-option label {
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 1rem;
            user-select: none;
            /* Ensure labels are touch-friendly too */
            padding: 12px 8px;
            min-height: 44px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
        }
        
        .accessibility-icon {
            display: inline-block;
            width: 24px;
            height: 24px;
            background: var(--primary-color);
            color: white;
            border-radius: 50%;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 24px;
            font-weight: bold;
            font-size: 14px;
        }
        
        /* Use "A" for Accessibility instead of emoji */
        .accessibility-icon::before {
            content: "A";
        }

        /* Dyslexia-friendly formatting (British Dyslexia Association guidelines) */
        .dyslexic-font {
            font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important;
            letter-spacing: 0.12em !important;
            word-spacing: 0.16em !important;
            line-height: 1.5 !important;
        }
        
        .dyslexic-font * {
            font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important;
            letter-spacing: 0.12em !important;
            word-spacing: 0.16em !important;
            line-height: 1.5 !important;
        }
        
        .dyslexic-font p,
        .dyslexic-font li,
        .dyslexic-font label {
            line-height: 1.5 !important;
        }

        /* High contrast mode - Handled in individual HTML files to avoid CSS conflicts */
        /* Each interactive tool includes its own high-contrast CSS inline */

        /* Focus mode - hide explanatory elements (UDL principles) */
        .focus-mode .info-box {
            display: none !important;
        }

        /* Info Boxes - Explanatory content */
        .info-box {
            background: white;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }

        .info-box:hover {
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        .info-box h4 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin: 0 0 12px 0;
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            border-bottom: 2px solid var(--light-bg);
            padding-bottom: 8px;
        }

        .info-box p {
            margin: 10px 0;
            line-height: 1.6;
            color: #555;
        }

        .info-box ul {
            margin: 10px 0;
            padding-left: 20px;
        }

        .info-box li {
            margin: 8px 0;
            line-height: 1.6;
            color: #555;
        }

        .info-box strong {
            color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        /* Control Panels */
        .bv-controls,
        .control-panel {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff 0%, #fafafa 100%);
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            /* Flex container for side-by-side controls on larger screens */
            display: flex;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            gap: 20px;
        }

        .bv-controls h3,
        .control-panel h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin: 0 0 15px 0;
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            /* Take full width so controls appear below heading */
            width: 100%;
        }

        .control-group {
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            /* On desktop/laptop, take half width minus gap for side-by-side layout */
            flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 10px);
            min-width: 300px; /* Ensure controls don't get too narrow */
        }
        
        /* Slider container for inline min/max labels */
        .slider-container {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            margin-top: 8px;
        }
        
        .slider-container input[type="range"] {
            flex: 1;
        }
        
        .slider-container span {
            flex-shrink: 0;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: #666;
            min-width: 60px;
            text-align: center;
        }

        .control-label {
            display: block;
            color: var(--text-color);
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-size: 1rem;
        }

        /* Sliders - Touch-friendly */
        input[type="range"] {
            width: 100%;
            height: 8px;
            border-radius: 4px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--light-bg) 0%, var(--border-color) 100%);
            outline: none;
            -webkit-appearance: none;
            appearance: none;
            cursor: pointer;
            /* Touch-friendly target */
            padding: 12px 0;
        }

        input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {
            -webkit-appearance: none;
            appearance: none;
            width: 24px;
            height: 24px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            background: var(--primary-color);
            cursor: pointer;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
            /* Touch-friendly minimum size */
            min-width: 44px;
            min-height: 44px;
        }

        input[type="range"]::-moz-range-thumb {
            width: 24px;
            height: 24px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            background: var(--primary-color);
            cursor: pointer;
            border: none;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
            transition: all var(--transition-fast);
        }

        input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-thumb:hover,
        input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-thumb:focus {
            background: var(--accent-color);
            transform: scale(1.1);
        }

        input[type="range"]::-moz-range-thumb:hover,
        input[type="range"]::-moz-range-thumb:focus {
            background: var(--accent-color);
            transform: scale(1.1);
        }

        input[type="range"]:focus {
            outline: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
            outline-offset: 2px;
        }

        .value-display {
            display: inline-block;
            margin-left: 10px;
            padding: 4px 12px;
            background: var(--light-bg);
            border-radius: 6px;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-size: 0.95rem;
        }

        .hint-text {
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: #666;
            font-style: italic;
            margin-top: 5px;
            display: block;
        }

        /* Value Display Cards */
        .values-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
            gap: 15px;
            margin: 20px 0;
        }

        .value-card {
            background: white;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 10px;
            padding: 15px;
            text-align: center;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }

        .value-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-4px);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        .value-card-label {
            display: block;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: #666;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-weight: 500;
        }

        .value-card-number {
            display: block;
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: 700;
            margin: 5px 0;
        }

        .value-card-unit {
            display: block;
            font-size: 0.85rem;
            color: #888;
            margin-top: 4px;
        }

        /* Schematic Display Box */
        .schematic-box {
            background: white;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin: 20px 0;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            text-align: center;
        }

        .schematic-box h3 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin: 0 0 15px 0;
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: 600;
        }

        .schematic-display {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            min-height: 180px;
            padding: 10px;
        }

        .schematic-display svg {
            max-width: 100%;
            height: auto;
        }

        /* Plot Container */
        .plot-container {
            width: 100%;
            margin: 20px 0;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
        }

        /* Responsive Design for Interactive Tools */
        @media (max-width: 1024px) {
            .viz-container {
                padding: 15px;
            }

            .values-grid {
                grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr));
                gap: 12px;
            }

            .value-card-number {
                font-size: 1.5rem;
            }
            
            /* Stack controls vertically on tablets */
            .control-group {
                flex: 1 1 100%;
                min-width: unset;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .viz-container {
                padding: 10px;
            }

            .accessibility-panel {
                padding: 12px 15px;
            }

            .accessibility-options {
                gap: 15px;
            }

            .info-box,
            .bv-controls,
            .control-panel,
            .schematic-box {
                padding: 15px;
            }

            .info-box h4,
            .bv-controls h3,
            .control-panel h3,
            .schematic-box h3 {
                font-size: 1.1rem;
            }

            .values-grid {
                grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr));
                gap: 10px;
            }

            .value-card {
                padding: 12px;
            }

            .value-card-number {
                font-size: 1.4rem;
            }

            .plot-container {
                padding: 15px;
            }

            /* Ensure sliders remain touch-friendly on tablets */
            input[type="range"] {
                padding: 15px 0;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .viz-container {
                padding: 8px;
            }

            .accessibility-panel {
                padding: 10px 12px;
            }

            .accessibility-panel h3 {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }

            .accessibility-options {
                flex-direction: column;
                gap: 12px;
            }

            .accessibility-option {
                width: 100%;
            }

            .info-box,
            .bv-controls,
            .control-panel,
            .schematic-box {
                padding: 12px;
            }

            .values-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
                gap: 10px;
            }

            .value-card-number {
                font-size: 1.3rem;
            }

            .plot-container {
                padding: 10px;
            }

            .control-label {
                font-size: 0.95rem;
            }

            .value-display {
                display: block;
                margin: 8px 0 0 0;
                width: 100%;
                text-align: center;
            }
            
            /* Stack slider container elements on very small screens */
            .slider-container {
                flex-direction: column;
                gap: 5px;
            }
            
            .slider-container span {
                width: 100%;
            }
            
            .control-group {
                margin-bottom: 15px;
            }
        }

        /* === FEEDBACK WIDGET STYLES === */
        .model-feedback {
            background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff, #fafafa);
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 24px;
            margin: 20px 0;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
        }

        .model-feedback h4 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            margin: 0 0 18px 0;
            font-weight: 600;
            text-align: center;
        }

        .feedback-buttons {
            display: flex;
            gap: 10px;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            margin-bottom: 12px;
        }

        .feedback-btn {
            flex: 1;
            min-width: 110px;
            padding: 12px 18px;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--secondary-color) 100%);
            border: none;
            border-radius: 8px;
            color: white;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
            text-align: center;
            font-family: inherit;
            /* Touch-friendly */
            min-height: 48px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.25);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

        /* Shine effect on buttons */
        .feedback-btn::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: -100%;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.3), transparent);
            transition: left 0.5s;
        }

        .feedback-btn:hover::before {
            left: 100%;
        }

        .feedback-btn:hover {
            transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.02);
            box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.35);
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-color) 0%, var(--primary-color) 100%);
        }

        .feedback-btn:active {
            transform: translateY(-1px) scale(0.98);
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.3);
        }

        .feedback-btn:disabled {
            opacity: 0.6;
            cursor: not-allowed;
            transform: none;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.15);
        }

        .feedback-btn.selected {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1565C0 0%, #0D47A1 100%);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(13, 71, 161, 0.4);
            transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.05);
        }

        .feedback-btn.selected::after {
            content: '✓';
            position: absolute;
            right: 8px;
            top: 50%;
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: bold;
        }

        .feedback-comment-section {
            margin-top: 18px;
            padding: 18px;
            background: rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.02);
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 1px dashed var(--border-color);
        }

        .feedback-comment-section textarea {
            width: 100%;
            min-height: 90px;
            padding: 14px;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-family: inherit;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            resize: vertical;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            background: white;
        }

        .feedback-comment-section textarea:focus {
            outline: none;
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
            box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.1);
        }

        .feedback-submit-btn {
            margin-top: 12px;
            padding: 12px 32px;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--secondary-color) 100%);
            color: white;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
            min-height: 48px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.25);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

        .feedback-submit-btn::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: -100%;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.3), transparent);
            transition: left 0.5s;
        }

        .feedback-submit-btn:hover::before {
            left: 100%;
        }

        .feedback-submit-btn:hover {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-color) 0%, var(--primary-color) 100%);
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.35);
        }

        .feedback-submit-btn:active {
            transform: translateY(0);
        }

        .feedback-submit-btn:disabled {
            opacity: 0.6;
            cursor: not-allowed;
            transform: none;
        }

        .feedback-status {
            margin-top: 12px;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            color: var(--text-color);
            text-align: center;
            font-weight: 500;
            padding: 8px;
            border-radius: 6px;
            background: rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.05);
        }

        /* Responsive feedback buttons */
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .model-feedback {
                padding: 20px;
            }

            .feedback-buttons {
                gap: 8px;
            }

            .feedback-btn {
                min-width: 95px;
                padding: 10px 14px;
                font-size: 0.9rem;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .model-feedback {
                padding: 18px;
            }

            .feedback-buttons {
                flex-direction: column;
                gap: 10px;
            }

            .feedback-btn {
                width: 100%;
                min-width: unset;
            }
        }

        /* === ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL BUILDER STYLES === */
        .ec-interactive-section {
            background: white;
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px;
            grid-template-rows: auto auto;
            gap: 20px;
            min-height: 70vh;
        }
        
        .ec-top-row {
            grid-column: 1 / 2;
            grid-row: 1 / 2;
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 280px;
            gap: 15px;
        }
        
        .ec-top-row.half-cells-selected {
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 200px;
        }
        
        .ec-left-panel {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 15px;
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector {
            background: white;
            padding: 16px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector:hover {
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
            transform: translateY(-2px);
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector h3 {
            font-size: 1rem;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            color: var(--text-color);
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector.anode {
            border-color: #ff6b6b;
            background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff, #fff5f5);
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector.cathode {
            border-color: #4dabf7;
            background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff, #f0f7ff);
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector select {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 10px;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 6px;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            background: white;
            font-family: inherit;
            transition: border-color var(--transition-fast);
        }
        
        .ec-half-cell-selector select:focus {
            outline: none;
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
        }
        
        .ec-potential-display {
            font-weight: 600;
            padding: 8px;
            background: white;
            border-radius: 6px;
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 1.05rem;
            border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
            color: var(--primary-color);
        }
        
        .ec-concentration-control {
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        
        .ec-concentration-control label {
            display: block;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            margin-bottom: 6px;
            color: var(--text-color);
            font-weight: 500;
        }
        
        .ec-conc-value {
            text-align: center;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            margin-top: 4px;
        }
        
        .ec-series-panel {
            background: white;
            padding: 14px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        .ec-series-panel h3 {
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            margin-bottom: 4px;
            color: var(--text-color);
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .ec-series-panel p {
            font-size: 0.8rem;
            color: #666;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
        }
        
        #seriesCanvas {
            width: 100%;
            height: auto;
        }
        
        .ec-series-footer {
            font-size: 0.75rem;
            color: #666;
            margin-top: 5px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .ec-center-panel {
            grid-column: 1 / 2;
            grid-row: 2 / 3;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            position: relative;
        }
        
        #cellCanvas {
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            border-radius: 12px;
            background: #fafafa;
            max-width: 100%;
            height: auto;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
        }
        
        .ec-reset-btn {
            padding: 10px 16px;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #28a745 0%, #20c997 100%);
            color: white;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 8px;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 300px;
            margin-top: 15px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.25);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .ec-reset-btn::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: -100%;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.3), transparent);
            transition: left 0.5s;
        }
        
        .ec-reset-btn:hover::before {
            left: 100%;
        }
        
        .ec-reset-btn:hover {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #218838 0%, #1aa179 100%);
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.35);
        }
        
        .ec-right-panel {
            grid-column: 2 / 3;
            grid-row: 1 / 3;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 15px;
        }
        
        .ec-results-box {
            background: white;
            padding: 16px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-light);
        }
        
        .ec-results-box h3 {
            font-size: 1rem;
            margin-bottom: 12px;
            color: var(--text-color);
            border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
            padding-bottom: 6px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        
        .ec-result-item {
            margin: 10px 0;
            padding: 10px;
            background: var(--light-bg);
            border-radius: 6px;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
        }
        
        .ec-result-label {
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--text-color);
        }
        
        .ec-result-value {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 1.2rem;
        }
        
        .ec-spontaneity {
            padding: 12px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            text-align: center;
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        
        .ec-spontaneity.spontaneous {
            background: #d4edda;
            color: #155724;
        }
        
        .ec-spontaneity.non-spontaneous {
            background: #f8d7da;
            color: #721c24;
        }
        
        .ec-nernst-equation {
            background: #fff3cd;
            padding: 14px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            line-height: 1.8;
            color: #856404;
        }
        
        .ec-preset-btn {
            padding: 12px 18px;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--secondary-color) 100%);
            color: white;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 8px;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.25);
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .ec-preset-btn::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: -100%;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.3), transparent);
            transition: left 0.5s;
        }
        
        .ec-preset-btn:hover::before {
            left: 100%;
        }
        
        .ec-preset-btn:hover {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-color) 0%, var(--primary-color) 100%);
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(204, 0, 0, 0.35);
        }
        
        /* Responsive design for EC Builder */
        @media (max-width: 1024px) {
            .ec-interactive-section {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
                grid-template-rows: auto auto auto;
            }
            
            .ec-top-row {
                grid-column: 1 / 2;
                grid-row: 1 / 2;
            }
            
            .ec-center-panel {
                grid-column: 1 / 2;
                grid-row: 2 / 3;
            }
            
            .ec-right-panel {
                grid-column: 1 / 2;
                grid-row: 3 / 4;
            }
        }
        
        @media (max-width: 768px) {
            .ec-top-row {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ec-top-row.half-cells-selected {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            
            .ec-preset-btn {
                width: 100%;
            }
        }

        .ec-oxidation-reaction {
            margin-top: 10px;
            padding: 10px;
            background: #fff5f5;
            border: 1px solid #ff6b6b;
            border-radius: 6px;
            font-size: 0.85rem;
            transition: all var(--transition-smooth);
        }
        
        .ec-oxidation-reaction strong {
            display: block;
            margin-bottom: 4px;
            color: var(--text-color);
        }
        
        .ec-oxidation-reaction span {
            color: #c92a2a;
            font-weight: 600;
        }